The forging process

The preparation before forging includes raw material selection, calculation, cutting, heating, calculation of deformation force, selection of equipment, design of mold. Before forging, it is necessary to choose the lubrication method and lubricant.
Forging materials involve a wide range of grades of steel and superalloy, but also aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper and other non-ferrous metals; Both through one processing into different sizes of bars and profiles, but also a variety of specifications of ingot; In addition to a large number of domestic materials suitable for our resources, there are materials from abroad. Most of the forged materials have been included in the national standards, and many are new materials developed, tried and promoted. As we all know, the quality of the product is often closely related to the quality of raw materials, so for forging workers, it is necessary to have the necessary material knowledge, and be good at choosing the most suitable materials according to the process requirements.

Counting and cutting is one of the important links to improve the utilization rate of materials and realize the finish of blank. Too much material not only causes waste, but also aggravates mold wear and energy consumption. If the material is not left a little margin, it will increase the difficulty of process adjustment and increase the scrap rate. In addition, the quality of the blanking end face also has an impact on the quality of the process and forging.

The purpose of heating is to reduce the forging deformation force and improve the metal plasticity. But heating also brings a series of problems, such as oxidation, decarbonization, overheating and overburning. Accurate control of initial and final forging temperature has great influence on product structure and properties. Flame furnace heating has the advantages of low cost and strong applicability, but the heating time is long, it is easy to produce oxidation and decarbonization, and the working conditions need to be constantly improved. Electric induction heating has the advantages of rapid heating and less oxidation, but it has poor adaptability to changes in product shape, size and material.