A fine forging machine is applied to the description

Precision forging machine is a kind of fast precision forging equipment. It is a short stroke press with several symmetrical hammerheads to forge metal blanks with high frequency. There are two kinds of hammerhead movement: ① the eccentric shaft driven by the motor drives the connecting rod to make the hammerhead reciprocating movement, forging; (2) the regulating mechanism adjusts the position of the connecting rod through the eccentric sleeve, and changes the opening size of the hammer head to obtain different forging sizes. During forging, the blank is sent to the forging box by the chuck of the operator for reciprocating forging. Loading, unloading and conveying are controlled manually or automatically in the control room. The first small vertical precision forging machine was made at GFM in Austria in 1948. After continuous improvement, the precision forging machine is gradually large-scale and serialized. The forging pressure of each hammer of the precision forging machine is 15 ~ 2500 tons, and the strikes are 2000 ~ 125 times per minute. The diameter of malleable billet is 20 ~ 850mm. The precision forging machine developed from manual and semi-automatic to automatic control, and developed to computer control in the 1970s. There are two types of vertical and horizontal precision forging machines. Vertical precision forging machines are limited in forging diameter and length, and it is difficult to realize automatic control.

The precision forging machine is mainly composed of forging box, gear box, A chuck, B chuck, hammer regulating device, conveying roller, tipping device, electrical, hydraulic, compressed air, cooling water and other systems.

The hammering times per minute of the precision forging machine is twice as high as that of the fast forging hydraulic press. Due to the high hammering times, the heat generated by the billet deformation can compensate the heat lost by the billet to the environment, so the temperature change in the processing process is small. This is very suitable for the production of high alloy steel, titanium alloy or hard deformation alloy with narrow processing temperature range, to ensure product quality. The increase of the total deformation rate of billet in primary heating also increases the productivity and yield. Numerical control forging can ensure that the product has a higher precision, the dimensional tolerance of ±1mm, reduce the processing allowance of the subsequent process. However, if the workpiece of forging is longer, it is easy to deform during heat treatment and needs to be corrected. There are many countries in the world in metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, national defense industry using precision forging machine to produce alloy structural steel, high strength alloy steel, titanium alloy and hard deformation alloy products. Different types of precision forging machines are used to forge the ingot or billet into round, square, rectangular cross section bars or into rotational symmetry axis, solid axis and hollow step axis, taper axis, thick-walled tube, gun barrel, etc. In order to expand the range of products, some countries use the combination of hydraulic forging press and precision forging machine, and some use the combination of large and small precision forging machine. Since the 1970s, the precision forging process has been developed into the precision forging and rolling process, and the precision forging and rolling machine has been created. It consists of a continuous precision forging machine with multiple hammerheads and a number of rolling mills. It is mainly used in the production of small bars in alloy steel mills.